Coffee Types & Grading
Defect Count
The number and severity of physical imperfections found in a 350-gram sample of green coffee, categorized as primary (Category 1) or secondary (Category 2) defects. Defect count is a key factor in commercial and specialty grading.
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Category 1 defects include full black beans, full sour beans, fungus-damaged beans, foreign matter, and severe insect damage — any single occurrence disqualifies a sample from specialty grade. Category 2 defects include partial black, partial sour, floaters, broken beans, and husks. The SCA green coffee grading protocol assigns weighted scores to each defect type, and specialty coffee must have zero Cat 1 and fewer than five Cat 2 defects.