Industry & Trade
ICO (International Coffee Organization)
An intergovernmental body established in 1963 under the United Nations to promote international cooperation on coffee trade, market transparency, and sustainability. The ICO brings together producing and consuming countries.
गहराई से
The ICO administers the International Coffee Agreement, publishes monthly market reports and composite price indicators, and coordinates research on coffee economics and sustainability. It historically managed export quotas to stabilize prices, though the quota system collapsed in 1989. Today the ICO focuses on data collection, market analysis, and policy dialogue between its 75+ member countries. Its composite price indicator—a weighted average of four coffee groups (Colombian Mild, Other Milds, Brazilian Natural, Robusta)—is widely referenced in trade and academic research.