Coffee Culture
Second Wave Coffee
The era of espresso-bar culture and coffeehouse chains that popularized espresso-based drinks and created coffee as a social experience. Second wave is most associated with Starbucks, Peet's, and the cafe latte.
بالتفصيل
Beginning in the 1960s with Peet's Coffee in Berkeley and exploding in the 1990s with Starbucks' national expansion, the second wave introduced Americans and Europeans to espresso, cappuccinos, and flavored lattes. It elevated coffee from a diner commodity (first wave) to a lifestyle product with its own vocabulary and rituals. Second wave roasting tends toward dark profiles that emphasize roast flavor over origin character. While third wave critics view dark roasts and flavored syrups as masking quality, the second wave deserves credit for building the cafe infrastructure and consumer sophistication that enabled specialty coffee to flourish.